BAFF

BAFF (B-cell activating factor) is a cytokine produced by myeloid cells, belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family, which plays a crucial role in the survival, proliferation, antigen presentation, and class switch recombination of B cells. By binding to three receptors (TNFRSF13B/TACI, TNFRSF17/BCMA, TNFRSF13C/BAFFR), it activates multiple signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and PI3K/AKT, among others. These signaling pathways play significant roles in the biological processes of B cells and immune regulation. However, excessive production and activation of BAFF may also lead to the development of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, an in-depth study of the structural function of BAFF and the signaling pathways it participates in is of great significance for understanding its role in the immune system and developing treatment methods for related diseases.