TSLP

TSLP thymic stromal lymphopoietin is a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the short-chain four-alpha-helix bundle type I IL-2 family, which is produced by epithelial cells and plays an important role in activating the immune system. TSLP exerts its effects through interaction with its receptor complex, which consists of the TSLP receptor TSLPR and the interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain IL-7Rα, thereby activating downstream signaling pathways. There are two subtypes of TSLP, long-chain lfTSLP and short-chain sfTSLP, which are composed of 159 and 63 amino acids, respectively, and are associated with inflammatory effects and TSLP's homeostatic function. The signaling of TSLP is critical for the maturation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells and innate lymphoid cells 2ILC2, by activating the JAK-STAT5 and PI3K-AKT pathways. TSLP plays a key role in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and it also shows potential in the field of cancer, such as inhibiting the growth and metastasis of breast tumors. Therefore, TSLP is a potential target for the treatment of allergic diseases and certain cancers, and the regulation of its signaling pathway is important for controlling inflammation and immune responses.