IL1A

IL1A, Interleukin 1α, alias IL-1α, Hematopoietin-1, Lymphocyte-Activating Factor (LAF), Endogenous Pyrogen (EP), and IL1F1. It is a pleiotropic cytokine encoded by the IL1A gene and is mainly produced by activated macrophages, neutrophils, epithelial cells and endothelial cells.The mechanism of action of IL1A involves the intracellular transcription factor function of its precursor proteins as well as extracellular signaling by its mature form.IL1A precursor promotes gene expression in the nucleus of the cell and regulates cell growth and differentiation. The mature form of IL1A triggers the formation of signaling complexes by binding to the IL-1 receptor IL1R1 on the cell surface, activating the NF-kappa-B and MAPK pathways, thereby triggering inflammatory and immune responses .

Biologically, IL1A plays a key role in the inflammatory response, immune regulation, and association with various diseases. It is involved in the regulation of the body's resistance to microbial infections, sterile inflammation, tumor-associated diseases, and spontaneous inflammation.Aberrant expression of IL1A has been associated with a wide range of diseases, including Fabry disease, Schnitzler's syndrome, various autoimmune diseases, hematologic neoplasms, and lung diseases. Therefore, IL1A is an important molecular target in the study of inflammatory and immune-related diseases, and is a potential marker and therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of many diseases .