hh Antibody

Code CSB-PA207386XA01DLU
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Product Details

Full Product Name
Rabbit anti-Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) hh Polyclonal antibody
Uniprot No.
Target Names
hh
Alternative Names
hh antibody; CG4637 antibody; Protein hedgehog [Cleaved into: Protein hedgehog N-product antibody; Hh-Np antibody; N-Hh); Protein hedgehog C-product antibody; Hh-Cp antibody; C-Hh)] antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Immunogen
Recombinant Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) hh protein
Immunogen Species
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
Antigen Affinity Purified
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA, WB (ensure identification of antigen)
Protocols
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Value-added Deliverables
① 200ug * antigen (positive control);
② 1ml * Pre-immune serum (negative control);
Quality Guarantee
① Antibody purity can be guaranteed above 90% by SDS-PAGE detection;
② ELISA titer can be guaranteed 1: 64,000;
③ WB validation with antigen can be guaranteed positive;
Lead Time
Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)
Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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Target Background

Function
Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Establishes the anterior-posterior axis of the embryonic segments and patterns the larval imaginal disks. Binds to the patched (ptc) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (smo), to activate the transcription of target genes wingless (wg), decapentaplegic (dpp) and ptc. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which are essential steps in the Duox-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to intestinal bacterial infection. During photoreceptor differentiation, it up-regulates transcription of Ubr3, which in turn promotes the hh-signaling pathway by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of cos.; The hedgehog protein N-product constitutes the active species in both local and long-range signaling, whereas the C-terminal product has no signaling activity. It acts as a morphogen, and diffuses long distances despite its lipidation. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix play an essential role in diffusion. Lipophorin is required for diffusion, probably by acting as vehicle for its movement, explaining how it can spread over long distances despite its lipidation.; The hedgehog protein C-product, which mediates the autocatalytic activity, has no signaling activity.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Hedgehog signaling from the Posterior Signaling Center maintains U-shaped expression and a prohemocyte population in Drosophila. PMID: 29966604
  2. A conserved aspartate residue (D303, or D46) of hedgehog was identified as the general base that activates cholesterol. Mutation of the catalyzing functional group (D303A) reduces activity by >104-fold. This study reports near total rescue of this ostensibly dead general base mutant by a synthetic substrate, 3beta -hydroperoxycholestane in which the sterol -OH group is replaced by the hyper nucleophilic -OOH group. PMID: 28930454
  3. Single Aspartate Coordinates Two Catalytic Steps in Hedgehog Autoprocessing PMID: 27529645
  4. These findings show that in the wing disc, Hh distributions and signaling are dependent upon basal release and uptake, and on cytoneme-mediated movement. PMID: 28743798
  5. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates TORC1 through E2F1 and the cyclin D/Cdk4 complex in the Drosophila eye. PMID: 28829944
  6. Role of Hedgehog (Hh) in the testis stem cell niche and the interplay between the Hh signaling mechanisms and those of the JAK-STAT and BMP pathways. Review. PMID: 23807635
  7. These results provide evidence that nanoscale organization of Hh regulates the secretion of Hh on ESCRT-derived exovesicles, which in turn act as a vehicle for long-range signaling. PMID: 26490120
  8. regulates the pool of PI(4)P associated with Ptc and Smo PMID: 26863604
  9. COP9-Hh signaling axis operates in the differentiation niche to promote germline stem cell progeny differentiation PMID: 26672093
  10. A local difference in Hedgehog signal transduction increases mechanical cell bond tension and biases cell intercalations along the Drosophila anteroposterior compartment boundary. PMID: 26577205
  11. Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway was upregulated in diabetic rat retina and high-glucose cultured Muller cells, and SHH exerted neuroprotective effects on damaged RGCs in a rat diabetes model. PMID: 25813994
  12. Hh signalling increases the level of Smo, which then outcompetes Ci for association with PKA and causes a switch in PKA substrate recognition. PMID: 25289679
  13. Hh signaling is activated through the JNK pathway and inhibition of Hh signaling in enteroblasts prevents regnerative intestinal stem cell proliferation. PMID: 25753035
  14. SMO genes may play an important role in the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and could also be responsible for generating KCOTs and NBCCS. PMID: 25189937
  15. study not only reveals an unanticipated and conserved mechanism by which phosphorylation of Ci/Gli positively regulates Hh signaling PMID: 25512501
  16. the expression of aPKC is up-regulated by Hh signaling in a Ci-dependent manner PMID: 25349414
  17. Hh, previously known only for its local morphogenetic functions, also acts as a lipoprotein-associated endocrine hormone, coordinating the response of multiple tissues to nutrient availability. PMID: 25452274
  18. show that Hh secretion in Drosophila wing imaginal discs is dependent on the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) PMID: 25471885
  19. Hrs promotes ubiquitination and mediates endosomal trafficking of smoothened in Drosophila hedgehog signaling. PMID: 24244405
  20. Dispersion of Hh is also determined by its hydrophobic nature, and the mechanisms that include membrane-tethered transport of Hh are increasingly proposed. PMID: 23747033
  21. increasing Hedgehog signalling prevented eye overgrowth induced by the microRNA and Notch pathway PMID: 23667323
  22. A pathway by which Hh signaling connects to Rac and Par-1 in cell migration. PMID: 23335293
  23. Hh signaling coordinates with JAK-STAT and BMP signaling to regulate the balance of different stem cell populations in the Drosophila testis. PMID: 23419515
  24. Shifted (Shf) acts as a highly diffusible 'exchange protein' that weakly binds Hh and reinforces its delivery to other binding partners, or solubulizes Hh to allow exchange between those partners. PMID: 23154411
  25. Hedgehog (hh) signals transiently during the specification of the interocellar domain, with homeodomain transcription factor engrailed (en) being required here for hh signaling attenuation. PMID: 23154412
  26. In contrast to JAK/STAT signaling, the Hh pathway activity does not impart extended niche function to cyst stem cells (CySCs): Hh only regulates CySC self-renewal. PMID: 23175633
  27. Hh signalling is essential for somatic stem cell maintenance in the Drosophila testis niche PMID: 22745310
  28. The germline stem cell niche in drosophila ovaries responds to insufficient hedgehog signalling by increasing the range of headgehog spreading. PMID: 22509132
  29. Several putative regulators of protein secretion were identified and demonstrated a role for some of these genes in Hh and Wingless (Wg) morphogen secretion in vivo. PMID: 22432040
  30. The regulatory activity of Cos2 on Ci proteolysis in wing discs depends on a specific nucleotide-bound conformation that may be regulated by Hh. PMID: 20850429
  31. Tissue specificity of Hh targets depends on transcription factors that are Hh-independent, suggesting that ;pre-patterns' of transcription factors partner with Ci to make Hh-dependent gene expression position specific. PMID: 20978080
  32. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 promotes high-level Hedgehog signaling by regulating the active state of Smo through kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms in Drosophila PMID: 20844016
  33. Early Hh signaling in the sensory organ precursors confers differential olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) responsiveness to Hh in the brain, such that only axons of low-Ptc ORN classes respond to later signaling by brain-derived Hh. PMID: 20850015
  34. phosphorylation of the kinesin Costal-2 in vivo reveals requirement of fused kinase activity for all levels of hedgehog signalling PMID: 20435030
  35. regulation of Hedgehog transport and stability by glypicans, as well as multiple overlapping feedbacks in the Hedgehog response network, can combine to enhance the robustness of positional specification against variability in Hedgehog levels. PMID: 20363217
  36. show that the G1 synchronization that characterizes retinal precursors is the result of the spatially controlled repression of hth by Dpp and Hh, and not of an actively induced cell cycle arres PMID: 20036228
  37. Findings identify a role for hedgehog signaling in white/brown adipocyte determination and link in vivo RNAi-based scanning of the Drosophila genome to regulation of adipocyte cell fate in mammals. PMID: 20074523
  38. Acts as a somatic stem cell factor in the Drosophila ovary. PMID: 11279500
  39. Inductive patterning of the embryonic brain in Drosophila. The loss of Hedgehog expressed in the foregut appears to mediate this effect, as it does in vertebrates. PMID: 11959822
  40. paradigm of repression of the Hedgehog response PMID: 12142023
  41. Hedgehog body patterning is influenced by dispatched gene product PMID: 12372301
  42. hedgehog is negatively regulated by hyperplastic discs in Drosophila PMID: 12421709
  43. Trol can mediate signaling through both of the FGF and Hedgehog pathways to control the onset of stem cell proliferation in the developing nervous system. PMID: 12645928
  44. identified Hedgehog signal pathway components using RNA interference PMID: 12663920
  45. Hh has a role in vein positioning in the Drosophila wing PMID: 12782270
  46. Hh promotes the entry of Sxl into the nucleus in the wing disc; in the anterior compartment, Patched (Ptc) is required for this effect, revealing Ptc as a positive effector of Hh PMID: 14597576
  47. Signalling properties of this molecule in the embryonic epidermis are examined. PMID: 14602684
  48. hh has a role in smo mediation of inhibition of the endosome-associated Hedgehog signaling complex-repressor and activation of Hedgehog signaling complex-activated at the plasma membrane in response to Hh and through interaction with Cos2 PMID: 14645371
  49. Hh still occurred in the endocytic vesicles of Hh-receiving cells, suggesting the existence of a second, Patched-independent, mechanism of Hh internalization. PMID: 15102702
  50. results support a model in which the ratio of bound to unbound Patched molecules determines the cellular response to Hh PMID: 15300262

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Subcellular Location
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Nuclear up to embryonic stage 10 and then at stage 11 shifts to the cytoplasm (PubMed:1280560). Also secreted in either cleaved or uncleaved form to mediate signaling to other cells (PubMed:1280560).; [Protein hedgehog N-product]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. Note=The N-terminal peptide remains associated with the cell surface (PubMed:12586063).; [Protein hedgehog C-product]: Secreted, extracellular space. Note=The C-terminal peptide diffuses from the cell (PubMed:12586063).
Protein Families
Hedgehog family
Tissue Specificity
In embryos, expression starts at stage 5 as a few stripes at the anterior and posterior ends, this expands to 17 stripes during stages 8-11. Expression is also seen in CNS and some PNS cells until stage 13-14, and in foregut, hindgut and salivary glands.
Database Links

KEGG: dme:Dmel_CG4637

STRING: 7227.FBpp0099945

UniGene: Dm.2371

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